Antimycotic activity of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth. (Lamiale: Lamiaceae) and Iris kashmiriana Baker (Asparagales: Iridaceae) against some vegetable rot fungi

Jahangir Abdullah Koka , Abdul Hamid Wani , Mohd Yaqub Bhat , Tariq Ahmad Wani and Shazia Parveen

Abstract
Antifungal activities of different solvent extracts of Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth. (Lamiale: Lamiaceae) and Iris kashmiriana Baker (Asparagales: Iridaceae) were carried out through agar well diffusion assay at three concentrations (25 μL, 50 μL and 75 μL) against seven rot causing fungi, viz. Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus niger, Mucor plumbeus, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium chrysogenum, Trichothecium roseum and Rhizoctonia solani. All the concentration of plant extracts showed antimycotic activity against tested pathogenic fungi. Antimycotic activity increased with the increased concentrations of plant extracts. However, higher concentrations proved more effective than lower concentrations. It was revealed from the present study that the ethanolic extract of Ajuga bracteosa showed maximum antimycotic activity against Mucor plumbeus and Rhizoctonia solani and least activity against Penicillium chrysogenum. However, the aqueous extract of Ajuga bracteosa showed maximum antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Penicillium expansum and least activity against Trichothecium roseum. It was further revealed from the present study that the ethanolic extract of Iris kashmiriana showed maximum antimycotic activity against Aspergillus niger and least activity against Rhizoctonia solani. Whereas the aqueous extract of Iris kashmiriana showed maximum antimycotic activity against Penicillium expansum and Rhizoctonia solani and least activity against Aspergillus niger.

Keywords
Antimycotic assay; Pathogenic fungi; Concentration; Plant extracts; Agar well diffusion.

DOI
10.21472/bjbs.050908

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