Mothcidal activity of three botanical extracts against Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1789) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) infesting rice grains

Olajire Ayodele Gbaye , Emmanuel Ayobami Oyeniyi and Janet Titilayo Eweniyi

Abstract
The renewed awareness on the potential adverse effects associated with several synthetic insecticides has continually served as impetus to search for safer and more sustainable pesticides derived from plant origin. In this study, the mothcidal activity of Alstonia boonei (de wild), Garcinia kola (Heckel) and Crassocephalum crepidoides (Benth) against Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1789) was investigated at ambient temperature (28 + 2 ^oC) and relative humidity (75% + 5%). Adult moths were exposed to 1%, 2% and 3% concentration of each oil extract and mortality was recorded at day 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 post-treatment, respectively. The control experiments were also set-up. All the three botanicals exhibit moth mortality irrespective of the concentration and exposure time. However, only C. crepidoides elicited complete moth mortality (100%) irrespective of the concentration and exposure time while A. boonei oil extract applied at 1%, 2% and 3% showed the least moth mortality regardless of the exposure time. Similarly, 2% and 3% concentration of each botanical showed complete moth mortality at 4 and 5 days post-treatment, respectively. Least (6.60%) and highest (23.30%) adult emergence was also observed in grain exposed to 1% of C. crepidoides and A. boonei, respectively, while G. kola and C. crepidoides applied at 3% completely prevented moth emergence and loss in weight in rice grains. This study showed that oil extract of G. kola and C. crepidoides would provide a much desired wherewithal to synthetic insecticides in the management of S. cerealella infesting rice grains in Nigeria.

Keywords
Alstonia boonei; Garcinia kola; Crassocephalum crepidoides; Sitotroga cerealella; mothcidal.

DOI
10.21472/bjbs.030612

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